Saturday, July 19, 2025

In the wake of The Velvet Sundown let’s recall Emily Howell, David Cope's AI composer that made an album's worth of music released by Centaur Records in 2010

Bryan Townsend at The Music Salon wrote a post called “Did AI Just Nuke Popular Music?

 

He opened with “Rick Beato certainly has the evidence.”

The relevant video that doesn’t get included is So It Begins...Is This A Real Band Or AI?, in which Beato explained how and why he believed The Velvet Sundown is an AI band.  The video that Townsend linked to is I'm Sorry...This New Artist Completely Sucks, showing that a new A indie rocker called Eli Mercer can be created using AI to produce lyrics and music.

 

My favorite comment is from @johnlarsson6029  4 days ago

Sadly, Eli will never experience the joy of having his gear stolen or getting screwed.

 

There's also @KingBeevr  4 days ago

Here's how you know this is AI: nobody actually dreams of going TO west Texas. Everybody wants to gtfo of west Texas.

 

How quickly we all forgot about David Cope’s invention Emily Howell and the Centaur Records release from 2010. Does The Velvet Sundown have two albums out?  Okay, that means if it’s an AI band that cranked out two albums they’re fifteen years behind an album of classical music that was the result of AI composition.

 

Now here in 2025 there’s no reason for me to assume anyone remembers an article by Chris Wilson for Slate from May 19, 2010?  Check out I'll Be Bach: A computer program is writing great, original works of classical music. Will human composers soon be obsolete? Nor would people be likely to recall Heather Horn's  Could Computers Compose as Well as Bach? from May 20, 2010.  The idea was expressed that the resultant music was surprisingly good for AI-generated music.  Rick Beato has not necessarily nuked pop any more than classical music has been shown up by an album of Howell.

 

But go over and see how many subscribers Emily Howell has on Youtube. David Cope pointed out that when he played Emily Howell’s computer-generated classical pieces people couldn’t tell that they were listening to music that wasn’t composed by a human.

 

You can hear the thing over on Youtube these days.

https://www.youtube.com/@emilyhowell2359/videos

 

Since the album has been our for The fugue subjects are too long and there’s not enough rhythmic contrast between subject and countersubjects.  In what used to be called Baroque music there was what Manfred Bukofzer called “the contrast motif”. You didn’t just bash one riff into the ground, you had a contrasting riff at some point.  Even riff-bashers extraordinaire Led Zeppelin understood that after minutes of chugging along with a vamp you create drama by changing the riff. It’s not just about changing the textures by adding lower-register voices into a fugue, its about changing the materials. 

 

I wrote recently about The Velvet Sundown coverage and you can read that here if you like. The crisis of AI-generated music is a crisis for the priests and brokers of art and Art Religion because, to invoke Leviticus, you’re not supposed to be able to offer a virtual sacrificial animal on the altar of Art.  Actual sacrificial animals have blood and skin and dung that has to be taken outside the camp, depending on the kind of sacrifice being offered.  I’ve been reading books by Gordon Wenham, Jay Sklar and Jacob Milgrom on Leviticus this year

 

We live in such heathenish times regarding the Abrahamic religions and in such days as people are so steeped on the Romantic concept of original genius that many brokers and pundits of culture rush to disdain the music of AI on the basis of it not being “real” and because real art is supposed to be original.  Originality was not necessarily valued in the ancient world.  Jerome Walsh pointed out in his commentary on 1 Kings in the Berit Olam series that ancient writers of what we now regard as the Hebrew Bible didn’t value “originality”.  The practice in the past was not to seek out creating “new” but transformative imitation of the existing.  Translation, transformation and recalibration of the existing has been what people do in the arts (and elsewhere) for all human history. When Johann Sebastian Bach indulged in a great deal of self-recycling in his Mass in B minor and Christmas Oratorio nobody was going to fault him for not being “original”.   If even the most conservative Christian scholars recognize that Solomonic wisdom traditions drew upon Egyptian precedents we have yet more evidence that transformative imitation has been an artistic norm far longer than the ideal of “nobody has done this before!”  Qoholet would say anyone who tells you that is an idiot. What has been is what will be again.

 

But now we can have programs do that for us! Transformative imitation is exactly what AI does. What makes it so offensive and troubling is that “we”, we humans, set out to create an AI that does transformative imitation for us so we don’t have to do it all the old way.  What Rick Beato gets at is that AI cannot replicate the 47 years of playing guitar and mastering songcraft that goes into what humans do.  There’s an even more visceral way to put it, the moral objection people have to AI-generated arts is that it is something we believe cannot be outsourced.  Your baby has to learn how to walk one foot at a time and that is not something that can be handed off to an app or a program.  But it would be just as wrong to say your baby who’s learning to walk isn’t making an intense cognitive effort to master walking as a mental and physical process.

 

Songs for babies and the simple-minded, that’s actually another reason I don’t think Rick Beato “nuked” pop.  There’s a kind of stupid that only a human can make, the kind that, as yet, I have not heard AI generate.  There’s a whole lot of music we humans make for babies and toddlers.  A lot of it is even kinda dumb but, you know what?  That baby or toddler who’s singing back to us doesn’t care. There’s a kind of dumb that humans share as a bonding experience that AI could replicate but … there’s a kind of bad that’s bad with intent. I have to ask, Is AI-generated pop really worse than “Baby Shark”, “Two of Hearts”, “Shape of You” or “Coconut”?  Some of the dumbest songs I’ve ever heard in my life were written by flesh and blood people.

 

That AI can be dumb is easy to show. The AI image of the wise old man hugging a unicorn is not hard to find. The thing is people choose dumb, and in the best comedies, choose dumb because it’s dumb. The comedy of errors will never go out of style and the comedy of stupid people who think they aren’t stupid has been with us for the whole of human history. I watch films by Whit Stillman, read manga by Rumiko Takahashi, or read novels by Jane Austen I know I’m going to read about the misadventures and conversations of some seriously dumb people, even dumb people who sincerely think they’re clever.  

 

People who talk about the arts seem to want to talk about the amazing and profound heights of the sublime that AI can’t replicate, such as the Matthew Passion by Bach.  But then there’s the Coffee Cantata.   Ah, yes!  Coffee, more wonderful than a thousand kisses! Dad’s afraid his daughter’s addiction to coffee is so bad it’s like she’s some delinquent meth user.  No husband for you, daughter of mine, unless you swear off coffee!  Oh, well, mom chugged down coffee and grandma did, too, so, uh, I guess if the daughter is a caffeine junky that can’t be helped.

 

I’m hardly surprised that Romantics and neo-Romantics are aghast that AI and “the algorithm” threatens to sap away the place of the arts and artists made by people.  The artists and poets and songwriters who are the seers and prophets and mages of us all won’t have anything they can do if AI takes over their sacred domain.  People are afraid that AI can replicate the sublime and can forget that part of being human is that we can choose the stupid. Maybe there’s a kind of stupid to which AI generated music has yet to descend? Life is full of pathos and bathos.  Could AI compose the Coffee Cantata?  Maybe. Rickrolling to the point of making a piano concerto is something an AI “could” be told to do but a human would have actual fun making the joke, at every level of “making”.  The comic image of the wise old man whose skull has been pierced by the horn of a unicorn is a funny image and it’s funny because someone prompted AI to generate an image and the image came off with a basic, dumb mistake.  But it’s a basic dumb mistake of the kind we can already make ourselves. The AI was prompted to generate a sublime image that turned out to be silly.  The difference we need to keep appreciating is humans can choose the silly that AI does because it follows a prompt.

 

It's “deep background” to remember Emily Howell’s computer-generated music as “we” discuss The Velvet Sundown. We didn’t get swamped with albums of music by Emily Howell since 2010.  I don’t think Rick Beato nuked pop any more than I think David Cope, via Emily Howell, nuked 18th century contrapuntal writing by showing that a program can be used to replicate many elements of a musical style. Fifteen years after the album was released the people who like the music generated by Emily Howell like it for what it is.  The precedent is instructive because the use of AI was literally the selling point for the music.  The AI band and its AI music has been presented as a provocation to explore the blurriness of authorship.

 

I’m a little surprised Ted Gioia didn’t wade into The Velvet Sundown coverage until very recently. He has gotten to it, although striking a far more triumphalist note than I think I could:

 

https://www.honest-broker.com/p/we-are-winning

We Are Winning!

Something has changed in the last few days.

Ted Gioia

Jul 18, 2025

 

The widespread mockery of the fake AI band Velvet Sundown might have been the turning point. This blew up in the last few days, and left AI promoters reeling.

 

Velvet Sundown is a non-existent AI band that got a million plays on Spotify. These deceptions have occurred in the past, but something different happened this time.

 

Music fans started mocking Spotify and its alleged promotion of a stupid slop band. The company was subjected to a level of ridicule and angry denunciation it has never endured before.

 

I received numerous emails and texts from people complaining about this. They felt insulted and duped.

Journalists called this out as a hoax or fraud. And many speculated about Spotify’s role in the charade. After all, the company has been caught promoting AI slop in the past.

 

But this time Spotify got turned into a joke—or even worse. They were linked to a scam so clumsy that everyone was now making fun of them, as well as scrutinizing their policies and practices.

 

Rick Beato’s response to Velvet Sundown got two million views—so more people were watching takedowns of the band than listening to it. An industry group even demanded disclaimers and regulation.

 

Who is this “we” and what are “we” winning?  Are we winning in a battle to ensure that pop songs generated by the inbred grandchildren of Clippy and Autocorrect don’t make it on to streaming services?  Hurrah! But then I think back to how the songs I hate the most by the bands I can’t stand were written by people. Most of those four-chord soul bros who are maybe cursive singing their torch songs and ballads are real guys.

 

Ted Gioia is ever against “the algorithm” and the technocrats and the big suits.  It’s the standard Romantic posture and I am not particularly Romantic.  But what is “the algorithm”? If it is simply a shorthand or a slur for technology this doesn’t tell us what an algorithm is as a human creation and a human’s cognitive process or tool.  I couldn’t get past about half a minute of a song by The Velvet Sundown.  I’m not going to defend that sonic tripe, but I do find it curious that when I hear people reacting to it and to that, the concerns seem to cluster around an idea that there is something missing from the music. 

 

It’s like people want to say there’s something sublime that’s missing in something that sounds, on the surface, cosmetically beautiful.  Edmund Burke distinguished between the “merely” beautiful and the sublime. AI does what it is prompted to do but it doesn’t seem as though AI gets prompted to do ironic or subversive juxtaposition.  Part of what makes Stevie Wonder’s “Village Ghetto Land” such a great song is the music conveys a kind of neo-galant high class string quartet playing at a swanky party while the song’s narrator describes life in the ghetto where babies die before they’re born. Our human capacity to juxtapose the sublime and the sordid as interwoven aspects of the human condition is something that probably “could” be handed off to AI but it’s the kind of thing only fellow humans can understand. Just sticking with the Bible there’s the pastoral beauty of Psalm 23 and the gruesome toilet humor of Judges 3.

 

As Rick Beato put it about those AI-generated lyrics, they’re okay.  That’s the real problem.  “Okay” does not reflect the highest heights of love, compassion and thought with the lowest lows of cruelty, hedonism and foolishness that we can find in our most beloved stories.  If you prompt AI to write lyrics about the quest to find your true self why wouldn’t AI crank out a bunch of stuff that fits that trope?  It will do what it’s told to do. 

 

I don’t think we’re winning anything.  Because The Velvet Sundown has been in the news it’s worth remembering that fifteen years ago there was Emily Howell.    If David Cope hadn’t spent years refining Emily Howell would the AI used to make the band and the songs of The Velvet Sundown be what they’ve been? Let’s consider the possibility that what these things are symptoms of is how we think about form, style and genre—if our styles and genres hadn’t become so stratified, balkanized and routinized across the classical and pop divides, the crisis of AI being in any way effective at mimicking them wouldn’t be what it is for the kinds of people who get scared that AI will take away our arts.  But, as Alan Jacobs has been pondering it, “the humanism of leftovers” isn’t going to work.


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